Edited by Monroe C. Beardsley 

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION by Monroe C. Beardsley

BIBLIOGRAPHY

      RENE DESCARTES

Discourse on Method, PARTS I-III

Meditations on First Philosophy

Supplementary Passages

·      Intuition and Deduction

·      Metaphysical Doubt and Certainty

·      The Cogito

·      The Clearness and Distinctness Criterion

·      Infinity and the Idea of God

·      Innate Ideas

·      Eternal Truths

·      Is Descartes' Argument Circular?

·      Substance

·      Modes

·      Space and Bodies

·      The Pineal Gland

·      The Automatism of Brutes

      BLAISE PASCAL

Thoughts (abridged)

      BARUCH SPINOZA

Ethics Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (abridged)

Theologico-Poli!ical Treatise, Chapter XX

Supplementary Passages

·      Experience and Definition

·      Substance and Attribute

·      Natura Naturata

·      Man's Dependence upon God

·      Method

·      Excusabilitv

·      The Nature of Evil

      GOTTFRIED WILHELM VON LEIBNIZ

First Truths

Discourse on Metaphysics

Monadology

Supplementary Passages

·      Necessary and Contingent Truths

·      Space and Time

·      Expression

·      The Ontological Argument

·      The Relation between Soul and Body

·      Progress

·      Possibility and Existence

·      Matter

·      Monads

·      The Pre-established Harmony

      JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU

The Social Contract (abridged)

 

      IMMANUEL KANT

Critique of Pure Reason (abridged)

Supplementary Passages

·      The Good Will and the Categorical Imperative

·      The Postulates of Practical Reason

·      Taste and the Aesthetic Judgment

      JOHANN GOTTLIEB FICHTE

The Vocation of Man, Book III

    

     GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HEGEL

Introduction to the Philosophy of History

Logic (Part I of the Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences), Chapter 7, A

Supplementary Passages

·      Philosophy and the Actual World

·      Dialectic

·      Spirit

·      Art

·      Religion

      ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER

The World as Will and Idea (abridged)

     AUGUSTE COMTE

A General View of Positivism, Chapters I and VI (abridged)

       ERNST MACH

The Analysis of Sensations & the Relation of the Physical to the Psychical, Chs. I & XV

     FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE

Beyond Good and Evil (abridged)

Supplementary Passages

·      The Will to Power

·      Eternal Recurrence

·      The Superman

·      Good and Evil

·      Christianity

·      Conscience

·      Art